17 Hepatitis A
143Hepatitis AHepatitis ADecember 2013Green Book Chapter 17 v2_017Hepatitis A NOTIFIABLEThe diseaseHepatitis A is an infection of the liver caused by Hepatitis A virus. The disease is generally mild, but severity tends to increase with age. Asymptomatic disease is common in children. Jaundice may occur in 70 80% of those infected as adults. Fulminant Hepatitis can occur but is rare. The overall case fatality ratio is low but is greater in older patients and those with pre-existing liver disease. There is no chronic carrier state and chronic liver damage does not virus is usually transmitted by the faecal oral route through person-to- person spread or contaminated food or drink. Foodborne outbreaks have been reported following ingestion of certain shellfish (bivalve molluscs such as mussels, oysters and clams that feed by filtering large volumes of sewage-polluted waters) and salad vegetables. Transmission of Hepatitis A has been associated with the use of factor VIII and factor IX concentrates where viral inactivation procedures did not destroy Hepatitis A virus.
143 Hepatitis A Hepatitis A December 2013 Green Book Chapter 17 v20 17 Hepatitis A NOTIFIABLE The disease Hepatitis A is an infection of the liver caused by hepatitis A virus.
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