Behavioral Markers for Crew Resource …

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Behavioral Markers forCrew Resource Management:A Review of Current PracticeRhona FlinDepartment of PsychologyUniversity of AberdeenKing s CollegeAberdeen, ScotlandLynne MartinNASA Ames Research CenterMoffett Field, CADevelopments in crew Resource management (CRM) have progressed from the in-troduction of training programs to the evaluation of CRM skills, particularly formulticrew cockpits. European regulators responsible for flight operations and flightcrew licensing (Joint Aviation Authorities, 1996, 1997) are introducing require-ments for the training and assessment of pilots nontechnical skills. This article re-ports a review of the literature and a survey of current practice in the developmentand use of Behavioral marker systems for training and assessing nontechnical CRMskills in international and domestic (UK) airlines.

helm, 1993) and in Europe (Maschke, Goeters, Hormann, & Schiewe, 1995; Naef, 1995). Additional research has indicated that pilots’ attitudes toward accident re-

  Behavioral, Resource, Marker, Behavioral markers for crew resource, Crew