Evaluation Models, Approaches, and Designs

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5Evaluation Models, approaches , and DesignsBACKGROUNDThis section includes activities that address Understanding and selecting Evaluation models and approaches Understanding and selecting Evaluation designsThe following information is provided as a brief introduction to thetopics covered in these MODELS AND APPROACHESThe following models and approaches are frequently mentioned in theevaluation Objectives approach focuses on the degree to whichthe objectives of a program, product, or process have been achieved. Themajor question guiding this kind of Evaluation is, Is the program, product, orprocess achieving its objectives? The Four-Level Model. This approach is most often used to evaluate trainingand development programs (Kirkpatrick, 1994). It focuses on four levels oftraining outcomes: reactions, learning, behavior, and results.

EVALUATION MODELS, APPROACHES, AND DESIGNS—105 the questions involve a program’s “worth.” Four primary approaches include cost analysis, cost-benefit analysis, cost-effectiveness analysis, and return on investment (ROI). Cost analysis involves determining all of the costs associated with a program or an intervention.

  Effectiveness, Approaches