PREPARATORY PROBLEMS

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PREPARATORY . PROBLEMS . Table of contents Preface ........................................ ........................................ ........................................ ........................................ ............. 3. Contributing authors ........................................ ........................................ ........................................ ........................... 4. Fields of advanced difficulty ........................................ ........................................ ........................................ ............. 6. Physical constants and equations.

Faraday constant: F = 9.6485 ∙104 C mol−1 Planck's constant: h = 6.626 × 10−34 J s Mass of electron: −me = 9.109 × 1031 kg Speed of light: c = 2.998 × 108 m s−1 Energy of a photon: hc= Ideal gas equation: T= The first law of thermodynamics: ΔU = q + w Enthalpy H: H = U + PV Entropy S: S = kB lnW The change of entropy: =Tv

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