SELECTIVE PERCEPTION

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CHAPTER1SELECTIVEPERCEPTION"Wedonotfirst see,thendefine,wedefinefirstandthensee." -WalterLippmann(citedinSnyder&Uranowitz, 1978) , , ,butaswillbecomeclear, , (1949).BrunerandPostmanpresentedpeoplewi thaseriesoffiveplayingcardsonatachis-tos cope(amachinethatcandisplaypicturesforve rybriefintervals), !BrunerandPostmanfoundthatittookpeoplemo rethanfourtimeslongertorecognizeatrickca rdthananor-malcard,andtheyfoundthatmostr eactionstotheincongruitycouldbecategoriz edasoneoffourtypes:dominance,compromise, disrup-tion, "perceptualdenial."Forexample,facedwitha blackthreeofhearts, ,formisdominantandcolorisassimilatedtopr iorexpectations,andinthesecondcase,color 1516PERCEPTION,MEMORY, 'sexperi-ment,27of28subjects(or96percent ofthepeople) ,someofBrunerandPostman' "greyish"fourofspades,orthataredsixofclu bswas"thesixofclubsilluminatedbyredlight "(remember,experi-mentalsubjectswereshow nthecardsonatachistoscope).

domly assigned college students to drink either alcoholic beverages or ... of infractions on both sides (4.3 for their side and 4.4 for Princeton), whereas Princeton students saw the Dartmouth team commit more than twice as many infractions as the Princeton team (9.8 compared with 4.2

  Selective, Beverage, Perceptions, Side, Selective perception