Semiconductor Physics - Talking Electronics

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In Used Band Description of of Temperature on on n-type andp-type and of Voltage across pn-Junction or Biasing a pn- Flow in a ForwardBiased Characteristics of in the Operating Con-ditions of pn-JunctionINTRINTRINTRINTRINTRODUCTIONO DUCTIONODUCTIONODUCTIONODUCTIONCertain substances like germanium, silicon, car-bon etc. are neither good conductors like cop-per nor insulators like glass. In other words,the resistivity of these materials lies inbetween conduc-tors and insulators. Such substances are classified assemiconductors. semiconductors have some usefulproperties and are being extensively used in electroniccircuits. For instance, transistor a Semiconductor de-vice is fast replacing bulky vacuum tubes in almost allapplications. Transistors are only one of the family ofsemiconductor devices ; many other semiconductordevices are becoming increasingly popular. In this chap-ter, we shall focus our attention on the different aspectsof Principles of SemiconductorIt is not easy to define a Semiconductor if we want to take into account all its physical , generally, a Semiconductor is defined on the basis of electrical conductivity as under :A Semiconductor is a substance which has resistivity (10 4 to m) inbetween conductorsand insulators germanium, silicon, selenium, carbon reader may wonder, when a Semiconductor is neither a good conductor nor an insulator

56 Principles of Electronics 5.1 Semiconductor It is not easy to define a semiconductor if we want to take into account all its physical characteristics. However, generally, a semiconductor is defined on the basis of electrical conductivity as under :

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