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4. Proof-of-Work To implement a distributed timestamp server on a peer-to-peer basis, we will need to use a proof-of-work system similar to Adam Back's Hashcash [6], rather than newspaper or Usenet posts.

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Central bank digital currencies for cross-border payments 3 extent they could be used for cros s-border payments (see Section 2) 5, and (ii) the IMF in cooperation with other relevant stakeholders, to analyse international macro-financial implications of cross-border CBDC