Consumerism, Confucianism, Communism: Making Sense of

2 Dependency theory as a critique of modernization theory can be seen as a powerful expression of this frustration. 3 For an account of this period of history, see Jonathan D. Spence, The Search for Modern China, London 1990, chapter entitled ‘Fragmentation and Reform’.

  Modernization, Critique, Dependency, Critique of modernization