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1 Basic Principles of Fluorescence Spectroscopy

1 Basic Principles of Fluorescence and Emission of LightAsfluorophores play the central role influorescence Spectroscopy and imaging wewill start with an investigation of their manifold interactions with light. Afluorophoreis a component that causes a molecule to absorb energy of a specific wavelength andthen re-remit energy at a different but equally specific wavelength. The amount andwavelength of the emitted energy depend on both thefluorophore and the chemicalenvironment of thefluorophore. Fluorophores are also denoted as chromophores,historically speaking the part or moiety of a molecule responsible for its color. Inaddition, the denotation chromophore implies that the molecule absorbs light whilefluorophore means that the molecule, likewise,emits light. The umbrella term usedin light emission is luminescence, whereasfluorescence denotes allowed transitionswith a lifetime in the nanosecond range from higher to lower excited singlet states the following we will try to understand why some compounds are colored andothers are not.

1 Basic Principles of Fluorescence Spectroscopy 1.1 Absorption and Emission of Light As fluorophores play the central role in fluorescence spectroscopy and imaging we

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