Transcription of 7. ANALYTICAL METHODS
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FLUORIDES, HYDROGEN FLUORIDE, AND FLUORINE 243. 7. ANALYTICAL METHODS . The purpose of this chapter is to describe the ANALYTICAL METHODS that are available for detecting, measuring, and/or monitoring fluorides, hydrogen fluoride, and fluorine, its metabolites, and other biomarkers of exposure and effect to fluorides, hydrogen fluoride, and fluorine. The intent is not to provide an exhaustive list of ANALYTICAL METHODS . Rather, the intention is to identify well-established METHODS that are used as the standard METHODS of analysis. Many of the ANALYTICAL METHODS used for environmental samples are the METHODS approved by federal agencies and organizations such as EPA and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
fluoride to improve its conductivity (Skoog et al. 1990). It has a theoretical response to changes in fluoride ion activity in the range of 100–10-6 M. It is selective to fluoride over other common anions by several orders of magnitude; only hydroxide ion …
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