American Imperialism

To become a major naval power, the United States began to replace its wooden sailing ships with steel vessels powered by coal or oil in 1883. But control of the seas would also require the acquisition of naval bases and coaling stations. Germany's Kaiser Wilhelm had copies of Mahan's books placed on every ship in the German High Seas Fleet and the Japanese gov-ernment put translations in its im-perial bureaus. (continued at the top of page 2) By 1890, the United States had by far the world's most productive economy. American industry pro-duced twice as much as its closest competitor--Britain. But the United States was not a great military or diplomatic power. Its army num-bered less than 30,000 troops, and its navy had only about 10,000 men. Britain's army was five times the size of its American counterpart, and its navy was ten times bigger. The United States' military was small because the country was situated between two large oceans and was surrounded by weak or friendly nations.

the term Anglo-Saxons, Strong was refer-ring to white English-speaking peoples. In his view, Anglo-Saxon civilization was superior to all others because it was founded on the twin ideas of civil liberty and Christianity. Strong once said, “To be a Christian and an Anglo-Saxon and an American, is to stand at the very mountain top of privi-lege.”

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