Transcription of AN2867 Application note - STMicroelectronics
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AN2867 Application note - STMicroelectronics
AN2867 . Application note Oscillator design guide for STM8AF/AL/S, STM32 MCUs and MPUs Introduction Many designers know oscillators based on Pierce-Gate topology (hereinafter referred to as Pierce oscillators), but not all of them really understand how they operate, and only a few master their design. In practice, limited attention is paid to the oscillator design, until it is found that it does not operate properly (usually when the product where it is embedded is already being produced). A crystal not working as intended results in project delays if not overall failure. The oscillator must get the proper amount of attention during the design phase, well before moving to manufacturing, to avoid the nightmare scenario of products being returned from the field.
A quartz crystal is a piezoelectric device converting electric energy into mechanical energy and vice versa. The transformation occurs at the resonant frequency. The quartz crystal can be modeled as shown in . Figure 1. Figure 1. Quartz crystal model C. 0: represents the shunt capacitance resulting from the capacitor formed by the electrodes L. m
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