Transcription of Attitude Determination and Control (ADCS)
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Attitude Determination and Control (ADCS). Space Systems Product Development Spring 2001. Olivier L. de Weck Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics Massachusetts Institute of Technology ADCS Motivation Motivation Sensors: GPS, star trackers, limb In order to point and slew optical sensors, rate gyros, inertial systems, spacecraft Attitude Control measurement units provides coarse pointing while Control Laws optics Control provides fine Spacecraft Slew Maneuvers pointing Euler Angles Spacecraft Control Quaternions Spacecraft Stabilization Spin Stabilization Key Question: Gravity Gradient What are the pointing Three-Axis Control requirements for satellite ? Formation Flight NEED expendable propellant: Actuators Reaction Wheel Assemblies On-board fuel often determines life (RWAs) Failing gyros are critical ( HST). Control Moment Gyros (CMGs). Magnetic Torque Rods Thrusters Outline Definitions and Terminology Coordinate Systems and Mathematical Attitude Representations Rigid Body Dynamics Disturbance Torques in Space Passive Attitude Control Schemes Actuators Sensors Active Attitude Control Concepts ADCS Performance and Stability Measures Estimation and Filtering in Attitude Determination Maneuvers Other System Consideration, Control /Structure interaction Technological Trends
^ ^ ^ Geometry: Celestial Sphere: Right Ascension: Declination (North Celestial Pole) A r c le n g t h dihedral Inertial Coordinate System GCI: Geocentric Inertial Coordinates VERNAL EQUINOX X and Y are in the plane of the ecliptic
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