AVESTA

1. TEACH YOURSELF. AVESTA . A beginner s guide to the SCRIPT, GRAMMAR & LANGUAGE. of the Zoroastrian scriptural texts By Ramiyar Parvez Karanjia June 2011. 2. TABLE OF CONTENTS. Contents 4. I. THE AVESTAN ALPHABET .. 5. 1. The Avestan characters (1) .. 7. 2. The Alphabets (2) .. 8. 3. The Alphabets (3) .. 9. 4. The Alphabets (4) .. 11. 5. Phonetic divisions of the Alphabets .. 13. 6. Orthographic rules for placement of letters .. 15. II. 16. 1. Vowel 16. 2. Consonantal Sandhi .. 19. III. ROOTS & THEIR GRADATIONS .. 21. 1. Roots .. 21. 2. Vowel Gradation (Guna and Vriddhi) .. 22. IV. NOUNS .. 24. 1. Primary and Secondary Nouns .. 24. V. ADJECTIVES .. 25. Degrees of Adjectives .. 26. VI. GENDERS .. 27. VII. DECLENSIONS .. 28. 1. General Case 29. 2. Vowel Bases .. 30. 1. Bases ending in a- Masculine.

1. The Avestan characters (1) Special distinguishing features of the Avestan script: 1) The Avestan script is written from right to left. 2) The direction of writing and relative positions of each letter have to be noted. 3) One sound may be represented by more than one character, depending on their placement in the word.

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