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BASIC CONCEPTS OF LOGIC - UMass

BASIC CONCEPTS OF LOGIC 1. What is LOGIC ? ..2 2. Inferences and Arguments ..2 3. Deductive LOGIC versus Inductive LOGIC ..5 4. Statements versus 5. Form versus 6. Preliminary 7. Form and Content in Syllogistic 8. Demonstrating Invalidity Using the Method of Counterexamples ..13 9. Examples of Valid Arguments in Syllogistic LOGIC ..19 10. Exercises for Chapter 11. Answers to Exercises for Chapter 2 Hardegree, Symbolic LOGIC 1. WHAT IS LOGIC ? LOGIC may be defined as the science of reasoning. However, this is not to suggest that LOGIC is an empirical ( , experimental or observational) science like physics, biology, or psychology. Rather, LOGIC is a non-empirical science like mathematics.

Chapter 1: Basic Concepts 3 treats all of these things in terms of a single sort of thing – statements. Logic corre-spondingly treats inferences in terms of collections of statements, which are called arguments. The word ‘argument’ has a number of meanings in ordinary English.

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BASIC CONCEPTS OF LOGIC - UMass

courses.umass.edu

Chapter 1: Basic Concepts 3 treats all of these things in terms of a single sort of thing – statements . Logic corre-spondingly treats inferences in terms of collections of statements, which are called

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BASIC CONCEPTS OF LOGIC - UMass

courses.umass.edu

cybernetics. Even if these empirical disciplines were considerably more advanced than they presently are, the most they could disclose is the exact process that goes on in a being's head when he or she (or it) is reasoning. They could not, however, tell us whether the being is reasoning correctly or incorrectly.

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