Basics of Least Squares Adjustment Computation in Surveying
2. Principles of Least Squares Adjustment Computation 2.1 Derivation based on first principles From first principles, LS minimizes the sum of the squares of the residuals or weighted residuals. Thus, ∑ = n i PV i i 1 2 is minimum (1) Where, P is weight of observations, V …
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Index Copernicus Value (2015): 78.96 | Impact Factor (2015 ...
www.ijsr.netAn important and integral part of pressure drop in a pipe involves the determination of friction factor. The Darcy –Weisbach friction factor formula is used for calculation of pressure loss in pipes. The Colebrook–White (C-W) equation gives the best ... Values of friction factor for the following formulae, when k/D = 10-7 .
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www.ijsr.netThe Zimbabwean crisis in the new millennium has brought with it economic challenges resulting in high levels of unemployment and poverty. The recruitment and selection practice in Zimbabwean companies is fraught with challenges that should be properly managed to ensure the achievement of company objectives. 2. Background to the Study
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