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Chapter 1 Introduction to System Programming

UNIXL ectureNotesChapter1 IntroductiontoSystemProgrammingStewartWe issChapter1 Intro ductiontoSystemProgramming unix isbasicallyasimpleop eratingsystem,butyouhavetob eageniustounderstandthesimplicity. -DennisRitchie, ,Systemcal lsandlibraries,Processes,loginsandshel ls,Environments,manpages,Users,theroot,a ndgroups,Authentication,Filesystem, lehierarchy,Filesanddirectories,Devicesp ecial les, unix standards,POSIX,Systemprogramming,Termin alsandANSI escapesequences,HistoryofUNIX,syscal l,getpid, ductionAmo dernsoftwareapplicationtypicallyneedstom anageb , les,screendisplays.

system achieves this, one must rst understand several cornerstone concepts of the UNIX operating system: les, processes, users and groups, privileges and protections, and environments. 1.3 Cornerstones of UNIX romF its beginning, UNIX was designed around a small set of clever ideas, as Ritchie and Thompson [2] put it:

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