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Chapter 10 Coherent Optical Communication Systems

Chapter 10 Coherent Optical CommunicationSystemsIoannis RoudasAbstractThe rapid evolution of long-haul Optical communications Systems ,witnessed in the last five years, is due to the gradual adoption of spectrally effi-cient, multilevel modulation formats, in conjunction with polarization divisionmultiplexing (PDM) and Coherent intradyne detection assisted by digital signalprocessing (DSP). The objective of this tutorial Chapter is to briefly review theoperating principles of state-of-the-art long-haul Coherent Optical communicationssystems. Due to limitations in space, it focuses mainly on Coherent Optical systemsusing quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK) IntroductionThe commercialization in 2008 of the first 40 Gb/s Coherent Optical communica-tions Systems employing polarization division multiplexing (PDM) Quadraturephase-shift keying (QPSK) and intradyne detection assisted by digital signalprocessing (DSP) marked a major milestone in long-haul transmission [1,2].

Fig. 10.1. The symbols are represented on the complex plane as a constellation of equidistant points on a circle. It is worth noting that random bits at the entrance of the transmitter must be mapped into the M discrete complex values that symbols c k can take prior to transmission. In Fig. 10.1, words of m ¼ log 2 Mbits are associated with ...

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