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Chapter 10 Coherent Optical Communication Systems

Chapter 10 Coherent Optical CommunicationSystemsIoannis RoudasAbstractThe rapid evolution of long-haul Optical communications Systems ,witnessed in the last five years, is due to the gradual adoption of spectrally effi-cient, multilevel modulation formats, in conjunction with polarization divisionmultiplexing (PDM) and Coherent intradyne detection assisted by digital signalprocessing (DSP). The objective of this tutorial Chapter is to briefly review theoperating principles of state-of-the-art long-haul Coherent Optical communicationssystems.

10.2 Multilevel Differential Phase-Shift Keying Multilevel phase-shift keying (M-PSK) is a type of digital modulation format whereby information is encoded into discrete changes D/ k of the phase of the carrier at time instants equal to multiples of the symbol period [26, 29]. Since

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