Transcription of CHAPTER 14: Drip irrigation
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CHAPTER 14: Drip irrigation
Pressurized irrigation Techniques CHAPTER 14: drip irrigation INTRODUCTION. In drip irrigation , water is applied to each plant separately in small, frequent, precise quantities through dripper emitters. It is the most advanced irrigation method with the highest application efficiency. The water is delivered continuously in drops at the same point and moves into the soil and wets the root zone vertically by gravity and laterally by capillary action. The planted area is only partially wetted. In medium-heavy soils of good structure, the lateral movement of the water beneath the surface is greater than in sandy soils (Table ). Moreover, when the discharge rate of the dripper exceeds the soil intake rate and hydraulic conductivity, the water ponds on the surface. This results in the moisture being distributed more laterally rather than vertically. The following water lateral spread values are indicative: TABLE - Type of soil and average radius of water spread laterally with drippers Type of soil Average radius of water spread Light texture m Medium texture m Fine texture m SYSTEM LAYOUT AND COMPONENTS.
connector fittings and remain on the surface. Dripper laterals These are always made of 12–20 mm soft black LDPE, PN 3.0–4.0 bars. They are fitted to the manifolds with small PP connector fittings at fixed positions and laid along the plant rows. They are equipped with closely spaced dripper emitters or emission outlets (Figure 14.1).
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