Transcription of Chapter 3: Biological Molecules - WOU
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Chapter 3: Biological Molecules - WOU
Chapter 3: Biological MoleculesChapter 3: Biological MoleculesNearly all Biological Molecules can be grouped into one of four general categories (Table ):CategoryGeneral Function1) Carbohydrates Energy source Structural material 2) Lipids Energy storage Structural material 3) Proteins Structural material Catalyze cell processes 4) Nucleic Acids Store genetic material Transfer genetic material Chapter 3: Biological MoleculesWhy is Carbon so Important in Biological Molecules ? Answer: Carbon is versatile Can form many covalent bonds resulting in Molecules with complex structures (chains, rings, branching)CCCC Organic: Molecules with a carbon skeleton Inorganic: Molecules without a carbon skeleton Functional Groups: Determine characteristics of Molecules Chapter 3: Biological MoleculesFunctional Groups (Table )A) Methyl GroupB) Hydroxyl GroupC) Carboxyl Group Non-polar (hydrophobic) Lipids Polar (hydrophilic) Carbohydrates Acidic (H+dissociates) Fatty acids / amino acids
Chapter 3: Biological Molecules What Are Lipids? • Molecules composed almost entirely of carbon and hydrogen with non-polar carbon-carbon bonds (Hydrophobic) Types of Lipids: (Figure 3.6) 1) Oils & Fats 2) Waxes: 3) Phospholipids: • Similar in structure to fats / oils except 1 of 3 fatty acids replaced by phosphate group
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