Transcription of Chapter 3: Biological Molecules - WOU
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Chapter 3: Biological Molecules - WOU
Chapter 3: Biological MoleculesChapter 3: Biological MoleculesNearly all Biological Molecules can be grouped into one of four general categories (Table ):CategoryGeneral Function1) Carbohydrates Energy source Structural material 2) Lipids Energy storage Structural material 3) Proteins Structural material Catalyze cell processes 4) Nucleic Acids Store genetic material Transfer genetic material Chapter 3: Biological MoleculesWhy is Carbon so Important in Biological Molecules ? Answer: Carbon is versatile Can form many covalent bonds resulting in Molecules with complex structures (chains, rings, branching)CCCC Organic: Molecules with a carbon skeleton Inorganic: Molecules without a carbon skeleton Functional Groups: Determine characteristics of Molecules Chapter 3: Biological MoleculesFunctional Groups (Table )A) Methyl GroupB) Hydroxyl GroupC) Carboxyl Group Non-polar (hydrophobic) Lipids Polar (hydrophilic) Carbohydrates Acidic (H+dissociates) Fatty acids / amino acidsD) Amino Group Basic (H+bonds) Amino acids / Nucleic acidsChapter 3: Biological MoleculesHow are Organic Molecules Synthesized?
Pleated Sheet 2) Secondary Hydrogen bonds between AAs 1) Primary Sequence of amino acids 4) Quaternary Hydrogen bonds between peptide chains (2 or more) (Hemoglobin) Chapter 3: Biological Molecules Functions of Proteins (Table 3.3): 3) Energy Storage (e.g. albumin) 2) Structure (e.g. keratin)
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