Transcription of Chapter 3: Cell Structure and Function
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Chapter 3: Cell Structure and FunctionCharacteristics of Living Organisms All living organisms are made up of cells They share the following four processes: Growth:Increase in size Reproduction: Increase in number Responsiveness: React to environment Metabolism: Chemical reactions to provide energy and structures needed to grow, reproduce, and respond to environmentDistinguishing Features of ProkaryoticCells:1. DNA is: Notenclosed within a nuclearmembrane. A singlecircularchromosome. Notassociated with Lackmembrane-enclosed organelles like mitochondria, chloroplasts, Golgi, Cell walls usually contain peptidoglycan, a complex Divide by Features of EukaryoticCells:1.
Prokaryotic Cell Structure II. The Cell Wall General Characteristics: Semirigid structure that lies outside the cell membrane in almost all bacteria. Two major functions: 1. Maintains characteristic shape of cell. 2. Prevents the cell from bursting when fluids flow into the cell by osmosis. Contributes to bacterial ability to cause disease.
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