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CHAPTER 3: CRYSTAL STRUCTURES

CRYSTAL structure : Basic Definitions - lecture Calculation of material density self-prep. CRYSTAL Systems lecture + self-prep. Introduction to Crystallography lecture + self-prep. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) lecture CHAPTER 3: CRYSTAL STRUCTURES atoms pack in periodic, 3D arrays typical of: Crystalline -metals -many ceramics -some polymers atoms have no periodic packing occurs for: Non-crystalline -complex STRUCTURES -rapid cooling crystalline SiO2 Non-crystalline SiO2 "Amorphous" = Non-crystalline MATERIALS AND PACKING Glass-Ceramics Quartz tubing is fabricated from beach sand The lamp applications are shown in the GE product montage Ceramics Crystals: atoms have long range periodic order Glasses (non-crystalline): atoms have short range order only (amorphous) Highly thermal resistive ceramics Low temperature (the ice cube) High temperature (the torch flame) Crystallography is the experimental science of the arrangement of atoms in solids.

crystal structures to a relatively small numbers of basic unit cell geometries. • Now let us consider the issue how atoms (viewed as hard spheres ) can be stacked together within a given unit cell. Lattice points Lattice points are theoretical points arranged periodically in 3-D space, rather than actual atoms

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