Chapter 4—Design Elements, Considerations, and Tools

4 1 Chapter 4 Design Elements, Considerations, and Tools Good low-water crossing design is a challenge because the objectives are to produce a structure that meets traffic needs, maintains the natural channel function, passes aquatic species, and is both safe and cost effective. Although each objective may be easy to achieve independently, some objectives can conflict, making it difficult to achieve all objectives at the same time. Poor site selection or choosing an inappropriate structure for a given site can exacerbate the problem. Like most hydraulic structures, low-water crossings require attention to both design detail, and compatibility with the hydrologic and natural setting into which the structure will go. Acknowledging Risk Low-water crossings inevitably involve some risk in several aspects of the selection and design process because they may allow people to drive through water, and because sites are commonly in rural areas with limited site and hydrologic information.

4—1 Chapter 4—Design Elements, Considerations, and Tools Good low-water crossing design is a challenge because the objectives ... • Install warning signs to identify the approaching ford and warn drivers of flooding and possible traffic delays.

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