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Chapter 4 DYNAMICS OF FLUID FLOW

Faculty Of Engineering at Shobra 2nd Year Civil - 2016 FLUID Mechanics, CVE 214 Dr. Alaa El-Hazek 28 Chapter 4 DYNAMICS OF FLUID FLOW 4-1 Types of Energy 4-2 Euler s Equation 4-3 Bernoulli s Equation 4-4 Total Energy Line (TEL) and Hydraulic Grade Line (HGL) 4-5 Applications of Bernoulli's Equation (Venturi meter Orifice meter Pitot Tube) For the DYNAMICS of FLUID flow, or hydrodynamics, the FLUID motion is studied including the force and energy considerations. 4-1 Types of Energy: I- Potential Energy: It is the energy possessed by a FLUID particle due to its position with respect to an arbitrary datum. II- Pressure Energy: It is the energy possessed by a FLUID particle due to its pressure. III- Kinetic Energy: It is the energy possessed by a FLUID particle due to its motion or velocity . 4-2 Euler s Equation: Assumptions and Limitations: 1- The FLUID is ideal (non-viscous or no friction losses).

1- The fluid is ideal (non-viscous or no friction losses). 2- The fluid is incompressible ( is constant). 3- The flow is steady. 4- The velocity of flow is uniform over the section. 5- Only the gravity and pressure forces are considered. The Equation: For a steady flow of an ideal fluid, consider an element AB of the fluid, as shown in the figure.

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