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Chapter 4 EFFICIENCY OF ENERGY CONVERSION

Chapter 4 EFFICIENCY OF ENERGY CONVERSIONThe National ENERGY Strategy reflects a National commitment to greater EFFICIENCY in everyelement of ENERGY production and use. Greater ENERGY EFFICIENCY can reduce ENERGY costs toconsumers, enhance environmental quality, maintain and enhance our standard of living,increase our freedom and ENERGY security, and promote a strong economy.(National ENERGY Strategy, Executive Summary, 1991/1992)Increased ENERGY EFFICIENCY has provided the Nation with significant economic,environmental, and security benefits over the past 20 years. To make further progresstoward a sustainable ENERGY future, Administration policy encourages investments inenergy EFFICIENCY and fuel flexibility in key economic sectors. By focusing on marketbarriers that inhibit economic investments in efficient technologies and practices, theseprograms help market forces continually improve the EFFICIENCY of our homes, ourtransportation systems, our offices, and our factories.

definition would be trivial, as shown in Figures 3-3 and 4-1. The First Law of Thermodynamics tells us that energy is conserved in all its transformations. So the ratio of energy output to energy input is always unity, or 100%. The meaning of the word ‘useful’ depends on the purpose of the device. For example,

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