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Chapter 4 Reactions in Aqueous Solutions

Copyright McGraw-Hill 20091 Chapter 4 Reactions in Aqueous Solutions Copyright McGraw-Hill General Properties of Aqueous Solutions Solution-a homogeneous mixture Solute:the component that is dissolved Solvent:the component that does the dissolvingGenerally, the component present in the greatest quantity is considered to be the solvent. Aqueoussolutions are those in which wateris the McGraw-Hill 20093 Electrolytes and Nonelectrolytes Electrolyte: substance that dissolved in water produces a solution that conducts electricity Contains ions Nonelectrolyte: substance that dissolved in water produces a solution that does not conduct electricity Does not contain ionsCopyright McGraw-Hill 20094 Dissociation-ionic compounds separate into constituent ions when dissolved in solution Ionization.

3 O 2(aq) C 2 H 3 O 2 (aq) + H + (aq)‏ –Weak bases NH 3 (aq) + H 2 O (l) NH 4 + (aq) + OH (aq) (Note: double arrows indicate a reaction that occurs in both directions - a state of dynamic equilibrium exists)

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