Transcription of Chapter 8 PETROLEUM
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Chapter 8 PETROLEUMFor the foreseeable future, oil will remain a critical fuel for the United States and all otherindustrialized nations. [In order to make the economy less dependent on oil,] theNational Energy Strategy proposes initiatives to (1) reduce the economic consequences ofdisruptions in world oil markets, and (2) increase domestic oil and PETROLEUM productsupplies.(National Energy Strategy, Executive Summary, 1991/1992)The growing level of oil consumption raises potential economic and national securityconcerns. In addition to emphasizing efficient use of oil products and enhancing fuelflexibility, national energy policy must address declining domestic production levels withminimum interference with market forces.
Million barrels per day Consumption Production FIGURE 8-3. U.S. petroleum production and consumption in the last 45 years. [Source: Energy Information Administration.] The impervious rock covering the reservoir rocks is called a cap rock. As shown in Figure 8-4, oil traps consist of hydrocarbon fluids held in porous rock covered by a cap rock.
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