Transcription of CHAPTER FIVE Surface Runoff - Innovyze
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CHAPTER FIVE Surface Runoff - Innovyze
5-1 CHAPTER five Surface Runoff INTRODUCTION Rainfall excess is that portion of total rainfall that is not stored on the land Surface or infiltrated into underlying soil. It eventually comprises direct Runoff to downstream rivers, streams, storm sewers, and other conveyance systems. One of the key parameters in the design and analysis of urban hydrologic systems is the resulting peak Runoff or, in some cases, the variation of Runoff over time ( , hydrograph) at a watershed outlet or other downstream design point. Its evaluation requires an adequate understanding of the processes and routes by which the transformation of excess rainfall to direct Runoff occurs. It is worth noting that the models described herein for Runoff estimation are characterized as lumped methods.
SURFACE RUNOFF 5-3 Consider that, for uniform flow, the momentum equation can be expressed in the general form (5-2) where αk and m are constants that depend on a relationship between depth and discharge, Q.For example, the Manning equation represents one such
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