Transcription of CHAPTER IV: DUALITY IN LINEAR PROGRAMMING
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McCarl and Spreen, 2020 DUALITY IN LINEAR PROGRAMMING 1 CHAPTER IV: DUALITY IN LINEAR PROGRAMMING Basic DUALITY .. 1 Primal-Dual Solution Inter-Relationships .. 3 Objective Function Interrelationships .. 3 Constructing Dual Solutions .. 4 Complementary Slackness .. 5 Zero Profits .. 6 Finding the Dual Solution Information .. 6 DUALITY Under Other Model Forms .. 6 The Character of Dual Solutions .. 9 Degeneracy and Shadow Prices .. 10 Primal Columns are Dual Constraints .. 11 References .. 11 Economic theory indicates that scarce (limited) resources have value. For example, prime agricultural land is limited and has value (a rental price). On the other hand, air is effectively unlimited and therefore does not have a market value. In LP models, limited resources are allocated, so they should be, valued. Whenever we solve an LP problem, we implicitly solve two problems: the primal resource allocation problem, and the dual resource valuation problem.
chapter covers the resource valuation, or as it is commonly called, the Dual LP problem and its relationship to the original, primal, problem. 4.1 Basic Duality The study of duality is very important in LP. Knowledge of duality allows one to develop increased insight into LP solution interpretation. Also, when solving the dual of any problem, one
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