CHAPTER Utilities and Energy Efficient Design 3

CHAPTER3 Utilities and Energy Efficient DesignKEY LEARNING OBJECTIVES How processes are heated and cooled The systems used for delivering steam, cooling water, and other site Utilities Methods used for recovering process waste heat How to use the pinch Design method to optimize process heat recovery How to Design a heat-exchanger network How Energy is managed in batch few chemical processes are carried out entirely at ambient temperature. Most require processstreams to be heated or cooled to reach the desired operation temperature, to add or remove heatsof reaction, mixing, adsorption, etc., to sterilize feed streams, or to cause vaporization or condensa-tion. Gas and liquid streams are usually heated or cooled by indirect heat exchange with anotherfluid: either another process stream or a utility stream such as steam, hot oil, cooling water, orrefrigerant.

refrigerant. The design of heat exchange equipment for fluids is addressed in Chapter 19. Solids are usually heated and cooled by direct heat transfer, as described in Chapter 18. This chapter begins with a discussion of the different utilities that are used for heating, cooling, and supplying other needs such as power, water, and air to a process.

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