Transcription of Chapter4 STRUCTURE OF THE ATOM © NCERTnot to be …
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Chapter4 STRUCTURE OF THE ATOM © NCERTnot to be …
In Chapter 3, we have learnt that atoms andmolecules are the fundamental buildingblocks of matter. The existence of differentkinds of matter is due to different atomsconstituting them. Now the questions arise:(i) What makes the atom of one elementdifferent from the atom of another element?and (ii) Are atoms really indivisible, asproposed by Dalton, or are there smallerconstituents inside the atom? We shall findout the answers to these questions in thischapter. We will learn about sub-atomicparticles and the various models that havebeen proposed to explain how these particlesare arranged within the major challenge before the scientists atthe end of the 19th century was to reveal thestructure of the atom as well as to explain itsimportant properties.
within an atom. For explaining this, many scientists proposed various atomic models. J.J. Thomson was the first one to propose a model for the structure of an atom. 4.2.1 THOMSON’S MODEL OF AN ATOM Thomson proposed the model of an atom to be similar to that of a Christmas pudding. The electrons, in a sphere of positive charge,
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