Transcription of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease .. ( Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease COPD) .. GOLD ( Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease ) . 6 3 .. 2020 . ( . ) ( . ).. (not fully reversible) (progressive) . (extrapulmonary effects) .. COPD 90% .. 1 FEV1 (Force expiratory volume in one second) 1 . COPD . gene . alpha-1 antitrypsin (severe hereditary deficiency of alpha-1 antitrypsin) inhibitor . 1 FEV1 .. Never smoked or 100 not susceptible to smoke FEV1 (% of value at age 25). 75. Smoked regularly 50 Stopped at 45. and susceptible to Disability its effects 25. Stopped at 65. Death 0. 25 50 75 Age (years). serine proteases .. COPD . chromosome2q, transforming growth factor beta 1. (TGF- 1), microsomal epoxide hydrolase 1 (mEPHX1), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF ).
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ... Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease) ประมาณว่าโรคปอดอุดก้นัเรื้อรังจะเป็นสาเหตุ ... productive cough โดยภาวะน้ีอาจเกิดข้ึนใน simple chronic bronchitis ...
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