Transcription of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease .. ( Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease COPD) .. GOLD ( Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease ) . 6 3 .. 2020 . ( . ) ( . ).. (not fully reversible) (progressive) . (extrapulmonary effects) .. COPD 90% .. 1 FEV1 (Force expiratory volume in one second) 1 . COPD . gene . alpha - 1 antitrypsin (severe hereditary deficiency of alpha - 1 antitrypsin ) inhibitor . 1 FEV1 .. Never smoked or 100 not susceptible to smoke FEV1 (% of value at age 25). 75. Smoked regularly 50 Stopped at 45. and susceptible to Disability its effects 25. Stopped at 65. Death 0. 25 50 75 Age (years). serine proteases .. COPD . chromosome2q, transforming growth factor beta 1. (TGF- 1), microsomal epoxide hydrolase 1 (mEPHX1), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF ).. COPD .. / . 2. 2 . Genes Lung growth and development Exposure to particles Oxidative stress - Tobacco smoke Gender, Age - Occupational dusts : organic and inorganic Respiratory infections - Indoor air pollution from heating and Socioeconomic status cooking with biomass in poorly vented Nutrition dwellings Comorbidities - Outdoor air pollution.
alpha-1 antitrypsin (severe hereditary deficiency of alpha-1 antitrypsin) ซึ่งเป็น inhibitor ของ รูปที่ 1 ผลของการสูบบุหรี่ต่อการลดลงของค่า FEV
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