Transcription of COMPLEX NUMBERS - NUMBER THEORY
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COMPLEX NUMBERS - NUMBER THEORY
Chapter 5 COMPLEX Constructing the COMPLEX numbersOne way of introducing the fieldCof COMPLEX NUMBERS is via the arithmeticof 2 2 COMPLEX NUMBER is a matrix of the form x yyx ,wherexandyare real NUMBERS of the form x00x are scalar matrices and are calledrealcomplex NUMBERS and are denoted by the symbol{x}.The real COMPLEX NUMBERS {x}and{y}are respectively called therealpartandimaginary partof the COMPLEX NUMBER x yyx .The COMPLEX NUMBER 0 11 0 is denoted by the have the identities x yyx = x00x + 0 yy0 = x00x + 0 11 0 y00y ={x}+i{y},i2= 0 11 0 0 11 0 = 1 00 1 ={ 1}.8990 CHAPTER 5. COMPLEX NUMBERSC omplex NUMBERS of the formi{y}, whereyis a non zero real NUMBER , arecalledimaginary two COMPLEX NUMBERS are equal, we can equate their real andimaginaryparts:{x1}+i{y1}={x2}+i{y2} x1=x2andy1=y2,ifx1, x2, y1, y2are real NUMBERS .
inverse of x + iy is the complex number (−x) + i(−y), the multiplicative identity is 1 and the multiplicative inverse of the non–zero complex number x+iy is the complex number u+iv, where u = x x2 +y2 and v = −y x2 +y2. (If x+iy 6= 0, then x 6= 0 or y 6= 0, so x2 +y2 6= 0.) From equations 5.1 and 5.2, we observe that addition and ...
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