Transcription of DEDUCTIVE REASONING - jonesLab
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DEDUCTIVE REASONING - jonesLab
Annu. Rev. Psychol. 1999. 50:109 35. Copyright 1999 by Annual Reviews. All rights reserved DEDUCTIVE REASONING . P. N. Johnson-Laird Department of Psychology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544;. Annu. Rev. Psychol. :109-135. Downloaded from e-mail: KEY WORDS: deduction, logic, rules of inference, mental models, thinking by University of Colorado - Boulder on 08/31/08. For personal use only. ABSTRACT. This chapter describes the main accounts of DEDUCTIVE competence, which explain what is computed in carrying out deductions. It argues that people have a modicum of competence, which is useful in daily life and a prerequi- site for acquiring logical expertise. It outlines the three main sorts of theory of DEDUCTIVE performance, which explain how people make deductions: They rely on factual knowledge, formal rules, or mental models. It reviews recent experimental studies of DEDUCTIVE REASONING in order to help readers to assess these theories of performance.
INTRODUCTION Reasoning is a process of thought that yields a conclusion from percepts, thoughts, or assertions. The process may be one of which reasoners are pain-
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