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Distance Vector Algorithm

Distance Vector Algorithm Bellman-Ford Equation (dynamic programming). Define dx(y) := cost of least-cost path from x to y Then dx(y) = min v {c(x,v) + dv(y) }. where min is taken over all neighbors v of x Network Layer 4-1. Bellman-Ford example 5. 3. Clearly, dv(z) = 5, dx(z) = 3, dw(z) = 3. v w 5. 2. u 2 1 z B-F equation says: 3. 1 2 du(z) = min { c(u,v) + dv(z), x y 1 c(u,x) + dx(z), c(u,w) + dw(z) }. = min {2 + 5, 1 + 3, 5 + 3} = 4. Node that achieves minimum is next hop in shortest path forwarding table Network Layer 4-2.

Distance Vector: link cost changes Link cost changes: node detects local link cost change updates routing info, recalculates distance vector if DV changes, notify neighbors “good news travels fast” x z 4 1 50 y 1 At time t 0, ydetects the link-cost change, updates its DV, and informs its neighbors. At time t

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