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chapter 7 Vapour-Liquid Equilibria Introduction Both the general criterion of thermodynamic equilibrium as well as the specific condition of equality of chemical potential of each species which hold at equilibrium was introduced in the last chapter . We now develop the detailed relationships connecting the phase variables (T, P and composition) that originate from the concepts of chemical potential and the fugacity coefficient. The basic principle employed in all separation processes is that under equilibrium the compositions of phases differ from each other, and therefore it is possible to preferentially concentrate one species over another (or others).
Chapter 7 Vapour-Liquid Equilibria . 7.1 Introduction . Both the general criterion of thermodynamic equilibrium as well as the specific condition of equality
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