Transcription of DRUG ABSORPTION, DISTRIBUTION AND ELIMINATION ...
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DRUG ABSORPTION, DISTRIBUTION AND ELIMINATION ...
19. DRUG ABSORPTION, DISTRIBUTION AND ELIMINATION ;. PHARMACOKINETICS. I. DRUG ADMINISTRATION. Often the goal is to attain a therapeutic drug concentration in plasma from which drug enters the tissue (therapeutic window between toxic concentration and minimal effective concentration). A. Enteral Routes 1. Sublingual (buccal). Certain drugs are best given beneath the tongue or retained in the cheek pouch and are absorbed from these regions into the local circulation. These vascular areas are ideal for lipid-soluble drugs that would be metabolized in the gut or liver, since the blood vessels in the mouth bypass the liver (do not undergo first pass liver metabolism), and drain directly into the systemic circulation.
c. Carrier-mediated facilitated transport occurs for some drugs, particularly those which are analogs of endogenous compounds for which there already exist specific membrane carrier systems. For example, methotrexate, an anticancer drug which is structurally similar to folic acid, is actively transported by the folate membrane transport system. 2.
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