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Endocarditis / Pericarditis

Endocarditis / Pericarditis Med Surg: Cardiac Endocarditis Causes Dirty Needles pathophysiology Dental visits Heart Surgery: Valve replacements In ammation INside the heart & CABG. Infective = bacteria (mold on heart valves). Untreated Strep Throat Noninfective = No bacteria (only in ammation). Heart valves can't close fully Less cardiac output = Less oxygen OUT Treatment Signs & Symptoms Antibiotics Valve repair or Replacement C - Clots in the heart & brain Education Risk for stroke CVA - monitor for agitation change in level of consciousness.

RENAL FAILURE Acute MI Uremia (High BUN) Causes Signs & Symptoms Treatment Pathophysiology Education Causes Signs & Symptoms + Labs Treatment Pathophysiology • C - Clots in the heart & brain • Risk for stroke CVA - monitor for “agitation” “change in level of consciousness” • Splinter hemorrhages (clots under fingernails) • L ...

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IN PATHOPHYSIOLOGY BASICS DIABETES MELLITUS …

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“MetaBOLic Syndrome”-Increased risk for diabetes, heart disease, stroke B–BP meds or HTN (over 130 sysolic) B–Blood Sugar Meds (insulin, oral diabetics) or High Blood Sugar (over 100+) O–Obese (waist size: 35+ Female 45+ Male) L–Lipids HIGH Total Cholestrol/Triglyceride/LDL 200-150-100—HDL 40 (higher LDL and lower HDL are risk factors) 3 or MORE criteria* *

  Diabetes, Meds

1. Fluid & Electrolytes Cheat Sheet

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Fluid & Electrolytes Cheat Sheet Potassium 3.0 - 3.5 P - Potassium P - Priority! Since it.. P - Pumps the heart & muscles HYPERkalemia (over 3.5) Heart - TIGHT & CONTRACTED 1ST elevation and Peaked T waves 2 Severe = Vfib or Cardiac Standstill! 3 Hypotension, Bradycardia GI TRACT - TIGHT & CONTRACTED 1 Diarrhea 2 Hyperactive bowel sounds …

  Pumps

1. Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)

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Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) Notes Pathophysiology IBS is an intestinal disorder that affects the large intestines, causing cramping, pain, bloating & either diarrhea or constipation. Keep in mind that IBS is NOT IBD (Inflammatory bowel disease: UC & Chron’s) Perform exercise 3 x per week Keep a journal of symptoms, diet, & stress levels ...

  Below, Irritable, Irritable bowel

Med Surg: GI - Gastrointestinal

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Fancy words for heartburn or acid reflux where stomach acids burn the esophagus, leading to pain, inflammation, & even CANCER called Barrett’s esophagus (if the chronic acid reflux is not treated) Gastro - Stomach Esophageal - Esophagus ... Fried Foods (Fries, fried chicken)

  Chicken, Fired, Fancy, Fried chicken

dizziness, rapid heartbeat, Drug Moa Indication ...

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preemie infants between 28 and 33 wk gestational age. Hypersensitivity Tachycardia, feeding intolerance, gastritis ROUTE IV/PO Maintenance dose—starting 24 hr after loading dose 5 mg/kg necrotizing enterocolitis (abdominal distension, vomiting, bloody stools, lethargy). Prostaglandin E1 (alprostadil) relaxes smooth muscle of the

  Preemie

Pressure Injury (pressure ulcer)

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Pressure Injury (pressure ulcer) Med Surg: Integumentary - Skin Pathophysiology Damage to the skin and/or the underlying tissue over a bony prominence, common with bed-ridden clients who are not turned adequately or from a medical device (oxygen therapy) Most common areas: • lower back & buttocks (sacrum & coccyx) • heels & ankles • hip bones

  Pressure, Injury, Pressure injury

Mental Health Psychiatric Care

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Separation anxiety disorder During severe anxiety the mind goes into a state of panic & so the body goes into fight or flight mode turning on the SNS - sympathetic nervous system. The SNS tells the body to shunt blood flow away from the extremities & toward

  Disorders, Anxiety, Separation, Separation anxiety disorder

Need to know medications for NCLEX

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Duragesic, Sublimaze Fentanyl Morphine Sulfate Morphine Sulfate Vicodin, Norco Hydrocodone Common Brand Names Generic Names Buspar Buspirone Hydrochloride ANTIDEPRESSANTS ... hours =(“patch free” interval of 10-12 hours daily) Imdur Nitroglycerin Isorbid Isordil Sorbitrate Isosorbide Mononitrate Isosorbide Dinitrate Common Brand Names Nitro BID

  Patch, Fentanyl

Stroke ‘’CVA’’ II

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of care for a patient with suspected embolic stroke? Select All that Apply Obtain a STAT CT of the head Perform neuro assessment Prepare to initiate alteplase within 4.5 hours of symptoms onset Question 2: Priority nursing action for a patient with left-sided weakness, lack of verbal response, and drooping face? Maintain patent airway Stats CT scan

  Patients

Med Surg: Endocrine

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because glucose is HIGH during times of illness. NCLEX TIP H–HIGHEST SUGAR OVER-600+ H–HIGHER fluid loss & Extreme dehydration H–Head change–LOC, Confusion, Neurological Manifestations N–No ketones No Acid, (NO fruity breath/ ketones) S–Slower Onset & Stable Potassium (3.5-5.0) NCLEX TIP NCLEX TIP NCLEX TIP NCLEX TIP NCLEX TIP ST ...

  Illness, Dehydration, Of illness

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Heart Failure Guideline Updates 2019 - American College of ...

www.acoi.org

Heart Failure Pathophysiology Heart failure is caused by any condition which reduces the efficiency of the myocardium leading to overload on the myocardium. Over time the increased workload will produce changes to the heart: • Reduced contractility, or force of contraction, due to overloading of the ventricle.

  Earth, Failure, Pathophysiology, Heart failure, Heart failure pathophysiology heart failure

Congestive Heart Failure: Diagnosis, Pathophysiology ...

rc.rcjournal.com

Pathophysiology of Congestive Heart Failure The syndrome of CHF arises as a consequence of an abnormality in cardiac structure, function, rhythm, or con-duction. In developed countries, ventricular dysfunction accounts for the majority of cases and results mainly from

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Anemia: Pathophysiology & Diagnostic Classification

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Sep 12, 2007 · Pathophysiology & Diagnostic Classification Linda M. S. Resar, M.D. Associate Professor of Medicine, ... Bone marrow failure syndromes Drugs (AZT, Trimethoprin sulfate) Common Causes for Various Types of Anemia (Continued): ... Prosthetic heart sounds are ...

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Heart Failure Pathophysiology.ppt [Read-Only]

www.columbia.edu

• Pathophysiology Heart Failure: Definitions • An inability of the heart to pump blood at a sufficient rate to meet the metabolic demands of the body (e.g. oxygen and cell nutrients) at rest and during effort or to do so only if the cardiac filling pressures are abnormally high.

  Earth, Failure, Pathophysiology, Heart failure pathophysiology

Pathophysiology of respiratory failure - ISAKanyakumari

www.isakanyakumari.com

Pathophysiology of Respiratory failure. Any of the following factors may be involved in the pathogenesis of the respiratory failure • Airway diseases • Alveolocapillary units • CNS,Brain stem ... to the anatomic shunt between right and left side of the heart.

  Earth, Failure, Pathophysiology

Pathophysiology of Hypertension and Hypertension …

www.dshs.texas.gov

blocker; DHP, dihydropyridine; HF, heart failure; 1, drug of choice; and 2, “add-on,” alternative drug, or special indications. ↵ * Especially if prior myocardial infarction, left ventricular systolic dysfunction, diabetes mellitus, or proteinuric chronic kidney disease is present.

  Earth, Failure, Pathophysiology, Heart failure, Hypertension, Pathophysiology of hypertension and hypertension

Pleural effusions: Evaluation and management

internal.medicine.ufl.edu

Jun 05, 2012 · underlying congestive heart failure (especially bilateral effusions that improve with diuresis), recent thoracic or abdominal surgery, or post-partum status. However, the procedure may still be indicated in these situations if the patient’s clinical condition deteriorates. After obtaining a sample of pleural fluid,

  Earth, Failure, Heart failure

Cardiogenic Shock - heart.org

www.heart.org

Prevalence • Occurs in 5-8% of STEMI and 2.5% of NonSTEMI • 40,000-50,000 cases annually in the US

  Earth

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