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Estimating species richness - UVM

OUP CORRECTED PROOF FINAL, 18/10/2010, SPi CHAPTER 4. Estimating species richness Nicholas J. Gotelli and Robert K. Colwell Introduction studies continue to ignore some of the fundamental sampling and measurement problems that can com- Measuring species richness is an essential objec- promise the accurate estimation of species richness tive for many community ecologists and conserva- (Gotelli & Colwell 2001). tion biologists. The number of species in a local In this chapter we review the basic statisti- assemblage is an intuitive and natural index of cal issues involved with species richness estima- community structure, and patterns of species rich- tion. Although a complete review of the subject is ness have been measured at both small ( Blake beyond the scope of this chapter, we highlight sam- & Loiselle 2000) and large ( Rahbek & Graves pling models for species richness that account for 2001) spatial scales.

2001) spatial scales. Many classic models in commu-nity ecology, such as the MacArthur–Wilson equi-librium model (MacArthur & Wilson 1967) and the intermediate disturbance hypothesis (Connell 1978), as well as more recent models of neutral theory (Hubbell 2001), metacommunity structure (Holyoak et al. 2005), and biogeography (Gotelli

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