Transcription of Gamma-Ray Detectors
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3 gamma -RayDetectorsHastingsASmith,Jr., , , , ,eitherdirectly(aswithaproportionalcount erorasolid-statesemiconductordetector)or indirectly(aswithascintillationdetector) , ,wewillpresentsomegeneralinformationonty pesof gamma -raydetectorsthatareusedinnondestru ctiveassay(NDA) , , ( )Inmostdesignstheouterelectrodeisthecyli ndricalwallofthegaspressurevessel,andthe inner(positive) (especiallyofionizationchambers) . 4 l%escintillationandsolid-statedetectorsa remuchmoredesirableforobtainingthe~spect roscopicdetailneededintheenergyrangetypi calofuraniumandplutoniumradiation(approx imately100-1000keV).Gascountersaredescri bedinmoredetailinChapter13,sincetheyarem orewidelyusedforneutrondetection. - - - * ~teCtO~Thesensitivevolumeofascintillatio ndetectorisaluminescentmaterial(asolid,l iquid,orgas)thatisviewedbyadevicethatdet ectsthegamma-ray-inducedlightemissions[u suallyaphotomultipliertube(PMT)].Thescin tillationmaterialmaybeorganicorinorganic ; ,plastics, (thestandardagainstwhichotherscintillato rsarecompared).
Gammu-Ray Detectors 45 3.2.2 *illtiht.iOfl ~teCtO~ The sensitive volume of a scintillation detector is a luminescent material (a solid, liquid, or gas) that is viewed by a device that detects the gamma …
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