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INTERVALS INTERVAL size and quality - School of Music

Dr. Barbara Murphy University of Tennessee School of Music INTERVALS An INTERVAL is the distance between two notes /pitches. INTERVALS are named by size and quality : INTERVAL size : The size is an Arabic number. ( , 1, 2, 3, 4) To determine the size , count the note names between the two notes given (inclusive). INTERVAL quality : The possible qualities are major, minor, perfect, diminished, and augmented. INTERVALS that are 2, 3, 6, or 7 in size (or their multiples) can be major (M), minor (m), diminished (d) or augmented (A). These INTERVALS can never be perfect. INTERVALS that are 1, 4, 5, or 8 (or their multiples) in size can be perfect (P), diminished (d)`or augmented (A). These INTERVALS can never be major or minor. INTERVALS are: perfect if: (1) the top note is in the major key of the bottom note AND (2) the bottom note is in the major key of the top note.

Later, when using complete triads, the 4th tended to lose some of its stability and consonance (sounded like active tone between 5th and 3rd). If it appeared near a 5th (its inversion), then it was stable. SO -- the P4 is a consonant when it functions as an inverted 5th (as part of the chord); otherwise, it is dissonant. INTERVALS IN A KEY

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