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IONIZATION, SAHA EQUATION

IONIZATION, SAHA EQUATIONLet the energies of two states,AandB, beEAandEB, and their statistical weightsgAandgB,respectively. In LTE (Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium) the number of particles in the two states,NAandNB, satisfies Boltzman EQUATION :NANB=gAgBexp [ (EA EB)/kT].( )Now, we shall consider two ions, i and i+1 , of the same element. The ionization potential, the energy needed to ionize i from the ground state is , and the statistical weights of theground states of the two ions aregiandgi+1, respectively. The number densities, [ cm 3], of thetwo types of ions and free electrons areni,ni+1, andne, respectively.

As we know, in every cell of a phase space with a volume h3 there are two possible states for an electron, because there are two possible orientations of its spin. h = 6.63×10−27 erg s is the Planck constant. The energy of a free electron with a momentum p with respect to the ground

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