Transcription of Lecture 4 - Power System Protection
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Lecture 4 - Power System Protection
1 1 Lecture 4 Power System Protection 2 Course map 2 3 Outline of the Lecture Control vs Protection Protection principles Protection requirements Protection Schemes 4 Control vs. Protection 3 5 Why do we need to control? Control actions needed Automatic Equipment Protection Disonnection at fault Voltage control Move a tapchanger in a transformer Human intervention Frequency control Increase output in hydro plant Voltage control Connect capacitor bank 6 What can we control? Breakers Valves Tap changers Switches Drives .. All done using Relays 4 7 Basic Relay concepts Electromechanical Static Digital Numerical Pre 1970s 1970s 1980s Present -> 8 The numerical relay Current state of the practice A/D & D/A converters Dedicated CPU for Digital Signal Processing Programmable Real-time operating System 5 9 Application examples 10 Numerical relays - issues Software Version Control Same problem as for all soft
• Move a tapchanger in a transformer • Human intervention ... the CT/VT and design of the system . 13! 25! Selectivity ... Principle of Distance Protection . 24! 47! Power Line Characteristics 48! Benefits of Distance Protection . 25! 49! …
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