Lecture Notes 1 Basic Probability - Stanford University

Lecture Notes 1 Basic Probability Set Theory Elements of Probability Conditional Probability Sequential Calculation of Probability Total Probability and Bayes Rule Independence CountingEE 178/278A: Basic ProbabilityPage 1 1 Set Theory Basics A set is a collection of objects, which are itselements Ameans that is an element of the setA A set with no elements is called theempty set, denoted by Types of sets: Finite:A={ 1, 2, .. , n} Countably infinite:A={ 1, 2, ..}, , the set of integers Uncountable: A set that takes a continuous set of values, , the[0,1]interval, the real line, etc. A set can be described by all having a certain property, ,A= [0,1]can bewritten asA={ : 0 1} A setB Ameans that every element ofBis an element ofA Auniversal set containsallobjects of particular interest in a particularcontext, , sample space for random experimentEE 178/278A: Basic ProbabilityPage 1 2 Set Opera

• Another example: Romeo and Juliet have a date. Each arrives late with a random delay of up to 1 hour. Each will wait only 1/4 of an hour before leaving. What is the probability that Romeo and Juliet will meet? Solution: The pair of delays is equivalent to that achievable by picking two random numbers between 0 and 1.

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  Romeo and juliet, Romeo, Juliet, Probability

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