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Lecture Notes 4 Convergence Theory for Linear Methods

Lecture Notes 4 Convergence Theory for Linear MethodsLetqnjbe the numerical approximation of the exact cell average,qnj unj:=1 x xj+1xju(tn, x)dx,tn=n t.(1)We want to check Convergenceqnj unjas x, t 0, Accuracy and Convergence rateqnj=unj+O( xp+ tr),for somep, r consider two cases of the numerical approximation: with and without boundaries. Whenthere are boundaries, we letqnbe the finite length vectorqn= (qn0, .. , qnN) there are no boundaries we letqndenote the infinite sequenceqn= (.. , qn 1, qn0, qn1..),and similarly for the exact solutionun. We write the numerical scheme compactly as an operatorNacting onqn,qn+1=N(qn, t, x).

x 0 (x,t) x−at=x 0 t (a) Continuous problem x j x j−n x j+n (x j,t n) n (b) Numerical approximation Figure 1. The CFL condition. 2 Checking stability Checking stability of a scheme is usually the most difficult part when proving convergence.

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