Lesson 1: XRD and Rietveld Refinement

Lesson 1 XRD and Rietveld RefinementNicola D belinRMS Foundation, Bettlach, SwitzerlandMarch 2, 2015, Lyon, FrancePowder Diffraction2n = 2 d sin( )d 2 (120)(100)(010)Powder sampleX-ray Diffractometer3 SampleX-ray TubeDetectorStartScanEnd2 angleDigital Diffractometers4 Transmission GeometryGlass CapillaryFoilFluid CellCapillaries are ideal for: Light atoms (Polymers, Pharmaceuticals) Small amounts Hazardous materials Air-sensitive materialsUse characteristic radiation with low absorption coefficientFlat powder sampleReflective GeometryReflective Geometry is ideal for: Absorbing materials (Ceramics, Metals) Thin films Texture analysisUse characteristic radiation with high absorption coefficientDiffraction Pattern510203040506002004006008001000 Intensity [counts]Diffraction Angle [ 2 ]Features:Peak Positions ( 2theta)Peak Intensities (counts)Peak Width ( 2theta)Phases areidentifiedfrompeak positionsonly6 Search-Match software:-Extract peak positions-Compare with databaseDatabases:-PDF-2 (commercial)-PDF-4+ (commercial)-COD (free online resource) Rietveld Refinement7 For more than just i

Lesson 1 XRD and Rietveld Refinement Nicola Döbelin RMS Foundation, Bettlach, Switzerland March 2, 2015, Lyon, France

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