New Code Requirements for Calculating Heat Input

61 WELDING JOURNALW elding waveforms are used to limitdistortion, weld open roots, and to con-trol HAZ properties. Waveform controlis essential for common processes like up-hill GMA pulse welding. Power sourcesthat support pulsing (GMAW-P, GTAW-P, etc.) are the most common waveform-controlled power sources. Those mar-keted as synergic, programmable, or mi-croprocessor-controlled are also likely tosupport waveform-controlled correlation between heat inputand mechanical properties is blurredwhen heat Input is calculated using cur-rent and voltage readings from conven-tional meters. This includes external me-ters and even those located on the weld-ing power source. It s not that the metersare incorrect in fact, most are cali-brated and tested to NIST , the inaccuracy involves the meansof capturing and displaying the data. Conventional DC meters display aver-age voltage and average current. Conven-tional AC meters display RMS values.

weld metal deposited. A new method (c) is added in the 2010 edition, which in-cludes Equations 2 and 3. Any of the methods can be used when welding following procedures that are not

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